Laravel中间件

Laravel
中间件

什么是中间件

Laravel中间件是触发路由事件之前或之后执行的一段代码。中间件常用于用户身份识别，CSRF保护。用户触发路由事件的时候，经常
需要判断一下用户的身份，这时候就可以使用中间件了。Laravel中间件存放于app/Http/Middleware。

新建一个中间件

在Laravel项目根目录执行
php artisan make:middleware AuthAdminMiddleware
就在app/Http/Middleware位置生成了AuthAdminMiddleware.php文件，然后添加逻辑代码
AuthAdminMiddleware.php

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<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;

class AuthAdminMiddleware
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if( $request->user()['role'] != 'admin' ) return redirect('/');
        return $next($request);
    }
}

这是一个用于后台的中间件，若用户身份不为管理员，则重定向到首页

注册中间件

新建中间件后必须注册才能使用。编辑app/Http/Kernel.php，在$routeMiddleware数组里面添加一行
'admin' => AuthAdmin::class
使用PhpStorm会自动补全命名空间
Kernel.php

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<?php

namespace App\Http;

use App\Http\Middleware\AuthAdmin;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;

class Kernel extends HttpKernel
{
    /**
     * The application's global HTTP middleware stack.
     *
     * These middleware are run during every request to your application.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $middleware = [
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
    ];

    /**
     * The application's route middleware groups.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $middlewareGroups = [
        'web' => [
            \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
            \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
            \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
        ],

        'api' => [
            'throttle:60,1',
        ],
    ];

    /**
     * The application's route middleware.
     *
     * These middleware may be assigned to groups or used individually.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'admin' => AuthAdmin::class
    ];
}

使用中间件

编辑app/Http/routes.php，添加

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Route::group([
    'prefix' => 'admin',
    'middleware' => ['web', 'auth', 'admin']
], function () {
    require (__DIR__ . '/Routes/AdminRoute.php');
});

prefix是路由前缀，middleware为这个路由分组里面使用的中间件

当路由较多时，可以使用require导入路由文件

app/Http/Routes/AdminRoute.php

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<?php
Route::get('/', [
    'as' => 'admin.index',
    'uses' => 'AdminController@index'
]);

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